How to Cite a Website in IEEE Referencing

How to Cite a Website in IEEE Referencing How to Cite a Website in IEEE Referencing With so much information available online these days, it is vital to know how to cite online sources. In this post, then, we’re looking at how to cite a website in an essay or paper using IEEE referencing. Referencing a Website with In-Text Citations In IEEE referencing, you cite sources with a number in the text. These numbers each point to a different source in the reference list: The internet relies on standardized communication protocols [1]. Number sources in the order that you first cite them. The source in the example above, for instance, would be the first source cited in the document and the first source in the reference list. And if you cite a website more than once, make sure to use the same number in each citation. As shown above, you will usually give citations at the end of a clause before terminal punctuation. However, if you name the author in your writing, you should give the citation number immediately afterwards: Rouse [1] identifies TCP/IP as key for networking devices. This clearly shows the connection between author and source. Listing a Website in an IEEE Reference List The reference list is where you provide full information for every source you use. If you cite a website, this means using the following format: [#] INITIAL(S). Surname, â€Å"Page Title,† Website Name, date of publication. [Online]. Available: URL. [Accessed Date]. In practice, then, the entry for an online source would look like this: [1] M. Rouse, â€Å"TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol),† SearchNetworking, Aug. 2017. [Online]. Available: https://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/TCP-IP. [Accessed Sept. 19, 2018]. Usually, you will find all this information if you look closely enough. However, IEEE does supply rules for handling missing information: If a page does not name its author, use an organizational author (e.g., the publishing company or the overall website). If no organizational author is available, use the source title in its place in the reference list entry. The date of publication can be the date the page went online or when it was last updated. If neither is available, use the abbreviation â€Å"n.d.† instead. Finally, don’t forget to include a hanging indent for each line after the first in each reference list entry, as this is required in IEEE referencing. And if you need any help checking the referencing in your work, let us know.

7 talent mistakes that are destroying your bottom line

7 talent mistakes that are destroying your bottom line Recruiting and managing talent has become one of the hottest topics in this hiring market, both for boots on the ground recruiters and the executives who are tasked with strategizing and organizing. If you find you’re getting frustrated by the challenges and stresses of talent management, you’re certainly not alone- but it doesn’t have to be that way. Let’s look at some of the pitfalls you may be experiencing, and how they’re sabotaging your best efforts.1. Limiting diversity to the hiring processOnce you’ve found and hired a diverse team, that checks off the diversity success box, right? Not quite. Finding diverse talent is a great first step, but you need to keep up that momentum among employees, and not just new recruits. It’s important to keep considering how to manage diversity on an ongoing basis, well after the team is in place. Are team leads equipped to manage a diverse team? Are diverse team members supported, culturally, or are they expected to blend in with the homogenous corporate identity?Another key mistake in this area is thinking too narrowly about diversity, and not considering diversity beyond the obvious gender and ethnic differences. There’s also cognitive diversity, which essentially means embracing different thinkers, people who have leadership styles that may seem unorthodox to your company, or personality types that haven’t typically had broad representation at your company before. It’s about diversifying thought and perspective to maximize success, not just about diversifying the demographics.2. Prioritizing change for change’s sakeEveryone wants to be innovative. But are you pushing innovation initiatives at the expense of things that are already working and clicking well? Think of it like those New Year’s Day resolutions. In December, the status quo is happy and merry and full of sugary goodness. January 1, reality hits, and suddenly there are draconi an goals about fitness and diet as an immediate reaction. Try to see change management as a lifestyle change, not a crash diet. Make sure you’re taking stock of what’s working with your talent management, and change things up when it feels right- not because you feel like you should be shuffling things around just to keep up with the times.3. Letting disagreement derail projectsHaving everyone sign off on every project is†¦unlikely. The whole point of having diversity in perspective is making sure that all angles of a project are considered. But when it comes time for the leaders to commit, they need to ensure that naysayers are willing to commit to the project- even if they disagree with the methods. It’s not about making sure everyone comes around to a particular position, but rather that they’re willing to go along with the leader’s final assessment and plan.hbspt.cta.load(2785852, '9e52c197-5b5b-45e6-af34-d56403f973c5', {});And if there ar e serious fundamental disagreements, those have to be managed as well. Part of this can be done during the recruiting and hiring process, with interview questions designed around determining whether someone is a â€Å"my way or the highway† type of team member, or someone who is comfortable expressing differences, but also being willing to commit to a larger vision.4. Assuming that recruiting priorities and larger company strategy are the same thingThis one can get tricky. Ostensibly, you’re hiring people who will serve the company’s needs and strategies. But hiring is focused on the company’s immediate needs- putting someone in place who can manage the day-to-day right away. That might not always square with where you want the company to go in the next year, three years, ten years. Overcoming this potential gap means focusing on growth goals on both the employee and company levels.This means creating a culture where goals are not only encouraged, but tra cked and managed against the larger company strategy. It means working with people at all levels- executive, managerial, and employee- to create achievable, specific goals that align with the company’s strategic goals. This requires openness about the company’s goals, and a two-way feedback program so that employees aren’t setting their own goals in a vacuum. Studies have shown that employees who feel informed about and engaged in company goals are more satisfied and productive in their jobs.5. Allowing a disconnect between talent and cultureIf your company’s culture is very specific or static, you risk having training and recruiting efforts that aren’t aligned with the realities of working at the company. If employees are trained on processes that are in place just because they always have been in the past, then you’re essentially training them for the past. Talent is then conditioned toward aligning themselves with the status quo- not nece ssarily toward the kind of flexible thinking that could move things forward.This doesn’t mean you have to rewrite your company culture every time someone new comes along but think of the culture as a work in progress, with an emphasis on agility, change, and innovation in the service of the larger company goals. Make sure that your talent is being managed with an eye toward context, and make sure they understand the reasons why they’re being asked to do their jobs a certain way.6. Not focusing on short-term talent developmentWith so much recruiting and management effort focused on employees’ long-term goals, it can be easy to lose sight of the short-term goals that a) help them develop, and b) serve the company in the meantime. Instead of thinking only of the â€Å"five-year plan,† help employees see the â€Å"five-month plan,† and the steps they can take in the meantime.Giving employees opportunities to engage in your organization and join committ ees, make presentations, or lead projects can help short-term development and ensure that employees don’t feel stagnant in their roles- and start looking to take their talents elsewhere.7. Not relying on a core group of â€Å"company evangelists†When it comes down to handing down strategy or goals, don’t forget that your company has an infrastructure in place for supporting and communicating that vision throughout the company. Sometimes called the â€Å"top 100,† this group is typically the CEO, his or her direct reports, and the level of direct reports below that. These employees are familiar with both the company strategy and also what it means in the day-to-day for their teams, so lean on them to make sure that information is communicated and supported throughout the company network. Making sure that you have the support and engagement of this core group will help spread the word to all levels of the company, making it feel less like a royal edict and more like a collective project.None of these mistakes are fatal for a company, but making them can absolutely slow your progress toward your corporate goals. You want your talent management to be as efficient and painless as possible, so knowing and avoiding these common mistakes will definitely benefit you in both the short and the long run.

Boeing and airbus Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Boeing and airbus - Research Paper Example The Boeing 787 series was grounded after this episode in the United States. All these incidences concerned the battery and the airplane’s electrical components. It is also reported that the airplane has two major issues within the first 52,000 of flight while it was supposed to last for up to 10 million flight hours without any problems. The solution to this problem would be to change the battery so that it would be able to contain fires better and thus become more efficient and work for longer periods. However, the causes of the battery failures are still not known and therefore the solutions given may not cover the entire problem. Therefore, as the CEO of the company, there is a need to find out the cause of the failure of the batteries in order to find suitable solutions to the existing problem (Harress). The competitors of the Boeing include the airbus and Lockheed martin. The airbus is one of the biggest passenger airplanes known worldwide. However, it has some issues that need to be dealt with. For instance, one major problem of the airbus is its sensitive warning system. The software is not able to handle manageable tolerances and, therefore, the system can be set off even with very minor problems in the aircraft. The warnings and alarms can set off an alert and even shut down a well-functioning plane (Flight Global). There is a need for the algorithm to be set straight so that it is less sensitive and to prevent further breakdown of the airbus. The issue of false alarms has made the plane unreliable and therefore many passengers avoiding it. The rest of the citizens may not be in a position to understand the defects and react accordingly and thus the loss of confidence among many customers. There is a need to come up with a better software to deal with the false alarms and to make the airplane more

The Ethics of Peta and The Death Penalty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Ethics of Peta and The Death Penalty - Essay Example Another school of thought presents the fact that an individual who has performed such a heinous crime as murder has no right to live and will be a threat to other individuals if allowed to live. Christianity condemns the death penalty; Judaism approves it and Islam holds it permissible with giving rights to the victim's family to pardon. Human life executions are prevalent mostly following judicial proceedings unless they are extra judicial ones most established in countries of no or uncontrollable law. However, talk on the death penalty pertaining to human life overshadows equally important issues at times. Animals, like human beings have as much a right to live on Mother Earth as their more intelligent counterparts. PETA stands for People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals. It was founded in 1980 and came to public attention in 1981. PETA is the world's largest animal rights association consisting of more than 2.0 million members. It not only focuses on animal benefits and security issues but also rejects all forms of sufferings of animals. PETA works in the course of public learning, cruelty investigations, investigation, animal rescue, legislation, special events, celebrity participation, and protest campaigns. If we focus our attentions

The Night of the Iguana Essay Example for Free

The Night of the Iguana Essay The lines stated above are the famous words from a well known composer â€Å"Jonathan Coffin†. He wrote these lines when he was at the age of 97 and was considered to the oldest living writer who was still into practice of writing. These lines more or less portray the idea of the play â€Å"The night of the Iguana†. A large amount of The Night of the Iguana is summarized in these little crumbs of poetry. At the time when Peter Judd, who represents Coffin in T. Schreiber Studios astonishing creation of this surprising and unexpected production eventually, explodes into the world with it in the center of the expressively concerning chronicles that take part in and out around his personality, an uncommon type of catharsis took origin for me. This creation, directed by Terry Schreiber, formulates a well-built argument that Iguana may possibly be the most influential and dominant of all of Tennessee Williamss show business. It is unquestionably must-see theatre. Analysis: The Night of the Iguana maintains and improves the subjects of the plays of Tennessee Williams. To be certain, it has origins in Tennessee Williams invention—which comprises poetry, small chronicles and in any case one work of fiction; but at this point it is usual to come across for those roots in the type which has made him world-famous, in the stage show. Cat on a Hot Tin Roof is similarly fraction of the woods which environs The Night of the Iguana. Williams basic matter is unkindness in three variations: The unkindness of human beings, the group’s brutality to the person, the unkindness of natural world, in the animal unrefined procedures themselves, and the unkindness of God, as the individual liable for the entire cosmic-metaphysical structure of unkindness, lack of food, decomposition and bereavement. That his dramas to a somewhat high level are filled of tense, broke and supersensitive individuals is a rational consequence of the reality that Tennessee Williams possesses gathering with truth, as seen in the course of his writings, has been one large fail. And as realism looks nowadays—a humanity blanket with a fatal gab of hatred and fear, and with the alimentation from Hiroshima and Nagasaki and Hitlers bereavement site as our times most significant looks—it is barely at all overstatement to declare that this crash has excellent causes. The human being who hikes around nowadays with excellent nerves, vigorous and optimistic, experiences not only a blunted perceptive, but from what is bad: a rounded spirit. In his script, in his everlasting protection of those who believe in a different way, who have dissimilar habits of being, Tennessee Williams symbolizes an extremely high ethics, a far higher and further extended civilization, than do those who blame him of wickedness and need of confidence in sympathy. Tennessee Williamss The Night of the Iguana is the very last of the illustrious American dramatist’s most important creative, significant, and box office accomplishments. Initially presented on December 28, 1961, on Broadway in the Royale Theatre, The Night of the Iguana made Williams the winner for his fourth New York Drama Critics Award. Similar to other dramas by Williams, The Night of the Iguana spotlights on sexual interactions and unusual characters, as well as one crippled by his requirements, the Reverend Shannon. Without a doubt, in retrospect, a lot of opponents observe The Night of the Iguana as the association among stylistic times, near the beginning/center to late for Williams. They disagree that Williams discloses more of himself in this drama other than his earlier efforts. Certainly, not like a lot of of Williamss plays The Night of the Iguana concludes on an optimistic, encouraged message. Nevertheless, a number of present-day reviewers of the unique Broadway production discover the play deficient outline and lacking in originality of Williamss previous accomplishments. There has as well been a lasting argument over what the iguana, stated in the title, symbolizes. The iguana, which uses most of the script joined up on the border of the veranda, is seen as a sign for a number of objects, Containing freedom, what it signifies to be a human being, and Shannon. It can be said that The Night of the Iguana does not go anyplace. In the sincere logic, it does not require to. It is by now there, at the touching, beleaguered heart of the human being condition (Anonymous, pp. 1). Analysis of the Characters: Schreibers direction in no way demonstrates; its as usual as walking. But hes afforded with his designers to carry the Costa Verde to astounding existence, with George Allisons verdant, attractive location, whole with palm trees, operational water propeller, and even a thunderstorm, setting the sight completely; and Karen Ann Ledgers set of clothes, Andrea Boccanfusos lights, and Chris Rummels jingles all contributory powerfully to the ambience. Schreiber has conveyed into view outstanding work from all of his performers as well. Even the group of actors with the negligible roles—like Peter Aguero as one of Shannons competitor expedition guides or Alecia Medley as the inexperienced present bright, unforgettable performances. The four keys do a lot more, getting intensely into the spirits and wits and moods of their characters and allowing us appreciate what creating every one of them marks. Janet Saia is a strong, bodily Maxine, but she constantly permits us to observe the displeasure and solitude that troubles this woman. Denise Fiore provides us a beached, moderately than delicate, Hannah, a woman who has been taught how to stay alive and cultured how to take out crumbs of contentment from a less-than-ideal living circumstances; she senses at one time transient and very weary, so that the trip she narrates and the expedition she takes throughout the play both seem very persuasive (Tennessee Williams, 150). Conclusion: So you actually dont feel like to miss an exceptional opportunity to witness one of the less-frequently done Williams works of art as it was destined to be seen. Certainly, Im not sure that anyone has ever left a creation of Williams additional dignified or stimulated by the wealthy acceptance of humankind that our supreme American spectacular writer infatuated. The Night of the Iguana is considered to be the best play of Williams. The way he has given a positive message at the end of his play has made the play very effective and influential. This play in no doubt different than whatever work he has done till date. References: Williams, Tennessee. 1961. The Night of the Iguana: A Play. Published by New Directions Anonymous. 1964. The Night of the Iguana . Retrieved on 5th March ’09 from http://www. imdb. com/title/tt0058404/

Nicolaus Copernicus Essay -- essays research papers fc

Nicolaus Copernicus   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nicolaus Copernicus, who lived from 1473 until 1543, is known for his idea that the sun is motionless at the center of the universe and that the earth and other planets all revolve around it. This Polish astronomer revolutionized beliefs involving the universe, making his thoughts controversial in his time, but common knowledge in our own (Westman).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Before the time of Copernicus, people had extremely different views of the universe. A Greek astronomer named Ptolemy had his own theory of the earth and its relationship with the sun and other planets. Around 140 AD, he came up with a system that showed the earth at the center of the universe with the sun and planets revolving around it in a spherical shape (Reichenbach 15-17). Ptolemy also believed that the earth remained still and that the outermost sphere contained the stars, which were fixed in space (Westman).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Copernicus’s theory showed the earth and other planets revolving around the sun in a circular motion. At the same time, the moon is rotating around the earth as well. Like Ptolemy, Copernicus believed that the stars occupied the region farthest from the sun. Copernicus, however, never stated whether or not these stars were in a fixed sphere around the universe or if they were scattered throughout space. Unlike Ptolemy’s motionless earth, Copernicus said the earth rotates around itself daily, causing night and ...

High School and School Football Team Essay

Why someone wants to drop outof high school. Either or their family don’t have money so they have to work. There are many different reasons why students drop out of high school. As long as I know and from my experience those three are most import reasons why students drop out of high school. Dropping out of high school, sounds cool isn’t it? No but I had few friends who were in my of college? As from my experience with few of my friends who drop out of high school are those who has skills in sport or they think they don’t need to study in order to get to their goals. Most likely they are inspired from a star that has not even completed high school and he or she is big star now in a sport or even music. I am not saying that every student drop out of high school because of this reason. Few students drop out because they have bad grades from a star who is not even a high school graduate and today he is a star. Second one child doesn’t have any interest in education but that child is forced to attend high school. And last but not least some students who want to study but in some consequences they don’t have any other choice then drop out high school football team and two of my friends thought dropping out of high school is cool and fun they thought they are best football player so they will find something to do after dropping out of high school. Now days they don’t have job neither of them is in any football team either. Few days ago one of them tried to commit suicide. That’s the result of or they are  Page – 2  treated bad ways by a teacher or an administrator. Some student who don’t study or they don’t have any interest in education but they are forced by  their parents to go to high school they are the second one who will most likely drop out of high school. Therefore they will end up with out job, no money or may be no place to live in.

Cultural Considerations

Abstract In this paper, we will discuss the cultural differences faced within the criminal justice system. The differences include cultural beliefs, practices, race, gender, and etc. The criminal justice system in the United States does not have an exact solution on how to proceed and embed our country with the cultures beliefs and practices performed by now citizens of the United States. Within this paper, the cultural concerns will be addressed along with possible solutions on how to involve other cultural practices within our own western society.Lastly, Affirmative Action, the Employment Opportunity Act , and other nondiscrimination practices will be examined on how they have impacted the minority population along with the criminal justice system. Cultures & Criminal Law There are many cultures that reside within the United States. Within these cultures come different religious practices and cultural beliefs about their lives, in which some people may disagree about. So, if we do disagree about their beliefs, does it give us the right in the United States to imply we cannot perform those practices here because it’s against our laws?Actions that are illegal here may not be illegal in the country from where the individual is from, are to step aside and allow them to practice the belief anyways? The answer to both questions is â€Å"No†. We must not ignore both situations; this will only cause conflict and heartache for those involved. Criminal law with its emphasis on formal values such as legality and legal certainty faces problems when encountering social issues and social questions that relate to cultural conflicts and different perceptions of substantial principles of justice and morality (Nuotio, 2008).Due to the flexibility of criminal law, cultural issues may be taken into the account in various ways, should this turn out to be necessary. Criminal law is also a cultural phenomenon itself, representing the values of the community. Western c riminal justice is surely individualistic in many ways, as it aims at allocating blame and responsibility to individuals for their wrongful actions. At the same time, it is the part of law through which the political community largely defines itself be deciding about issues of right and wrong.In a modern context, cultural diversity causes extra pressure on political and legal systems, but it does actually render modern law even more important than before, and the substantial disagreements cannot be handled otherwise. One problem that we also must consider is that, even taking cultural context into account in criminal law might itself become a denunciatory practice, a denial of recognition. This view indicates that culture is like nature in that it influences and even determines the actions of the individual, thus limiting individual responsibility on factual grounds.Culture would then be regarded as a kind of force that actually diminishes responsibility for one’s actions in declaring it traditional and customary instead of highlighting its individuality. It is therefore, crucially important to think carefully about how and why culture matters. It might be that both culture and law have the potential to work towards non-recognition or misrecognition. Culture itself is not innocent in this respect. Cultural conflicts often have to do with the fact that different meanings are associated with actions and events by their various participants.The key question is then whether we must guarantee that the legal imputations always respect such cultural sensitivities. Are we generally entitled to have our own personal world-view respected by the courts when they decide cases in which we are involved? Would other solutions mean that some aspects that are constitutive of our identity will be publicly rejected? The conflict may often between the two expressions: that of the action itself, and that of its legal interpretation. Criminal law aims at replacing the meanin g and evaluation of the act given by the actor himself or herself, or the community, by a legal assessment of it.This might turn into a conflict of interpretation. Criminal law is a sort of institutionalized denial, taking standpoints and presenting them over the heads of the individuals in question as it communicates and allocates blame. For example, (Nuotio, 2008), suggests we could, more, generally, expect to see clashes over rights at every level (freedom rights, political rights, welfare rights), and we could also presume that at least some cultural conflicts will arise in the context in which defenders of a tradition are enforcing a traditional morality that clashes with the rights of the  individual.There are incidents of honor offences concerning forced marriages in which the father or brothers have violently forced an unwilling bride to marry or even killed her when she has insisted on marrying someone of her own choice. It is not rather contradictory if a person who hers elf fully enjoys all the rights and protection granted to her in a modern society strives to defend a cultural practice that is not compatible with such rights? We live in an iron cage, prisoners of our legal framework which has developed over many centuries. Against the Law?Actions may be wrong, no persons. The legal imputation should never, however, appear as fully accidental and surprising. Legal imputation requires a sociological back-up. People need to understand what has happened and why the legal system intervened. The criminal law provisions defining various offences are deemed to refer to actions in an understandable way, all of which takes place under the fundamental challenge of legitimacy and justice. Criminal laws do not speak directly about identities, as this field of law limits itself to issues concerning actions.But certain actions that are prohibited as criminally wrong might be relevant for the identity of particular persons. Issues related to sexual crimes produc e quite strong images of sexual manners and sexual identities. Such issues are being dealt with in modern criminal justice by a more fine-tuned approach than before. The protected interest is sexual autonomy, not public morals. However, while it seem reasonable to direct efforts toward recognizing cultural identity, respecting diversity to the point of justifying acts that threaten society’s values seems a dubious, even dangerous, policy.It would be difficult for a society to accept that certain acts to be tolerated and even justified solely on the basis of respecting the customs of other cultures; one need only think of the conflicts resulting from the justification of domestic abuse or violence. Communitarian policies of this nature could give rise to social instability, counterproductive to the goal of crime prevention (Carnevali, 2009). Police, EEO, & Affirmative Action Cultural differences in America will affect not only our laws, but the law enforcer whom enforce the la ws to start.It is important for police to understand the cultural experiences and dynamics of the communities they serve, these concerns go further. One of the reasons for focusing on cultural and other differences is that different people can have profoundly different experiences of the same event. There is no single, monolithic truth, but rather widely varying perceptions of reality. These perceptions are influenced by a number of factors; cultural background is one of them (Texas Highway Patrol Association Magazine, 2001).Along with cultural differences comes â€Å"cultural laws† to help protect those from discrimination from jobs, schools, disability, race, gender, and genetics. One of those laws include the Equal Employment Opportunity Act; applicants to and employees of most private employers, state and local governments, educational institutions, employment agencies and labor organizations are protected under federal law from discrimination on the following basis: race , color religion, sex, national origin; disability; age; sex (wages); genetics; and retaliation ( www. eeoc. gov.)Another law to mention that helped many minorities especially African Americans is Affirmative Action. Affirmative Action is a set of procedures designed to eliminate unlawful discrimination between applicants, remedy the results of such prior discrimination, and prevent such discrimination in the future. Applicants may be seeking admission to an education program or looking for professional employment (Legal Information Institute, 2014). Within these laws no person shall be turned down or turn away due to the color of their skin, gender, religious background, and etc.These laws have provided different races to choose our country to reside in maybe because of these laws, but many people have gotten better employment, able to attend colleges, and etc. Conclusion As long as we are the United States, there will be many different cultures and people in this country. This is what makes our country unique because we accept and enjoy people from different countries making the United States their home for the time being or permanent. However, with opening our doors to different people, also brings their culture with them.Now are we suppose to let them do whatever they want because their past country was acceptance of the practice, â€Å"No†, but this also does not mean we will not try to compromise with the practice by suggesting other methods or working out a solution to assist in resolving the issue. Last but not least, our country needs to make laws to embrace other cultural beliefs by exploring other options if not acceptance by our law in this country. Until then, cultural difference, practice, or religious belief will need to be taken into court, where the courts can make decision on what is acceptable by our law.

Conventioanl vs Islamic Insurance Essays

Conventioanl vs Islamic Insurance Essays Conventioanl vs Islamic Insurance Essay Conventioanl vs Islamic Insurance Essay ISLAMIC LIFE INSURANCE (TAKAFUL), ITS EVOLUTION, COMPARISON WITH CONVENTIONAL LIFE INSURANCE, AND ROLE OF DAWOO TAKAFUL ( AN INSURANCE COMPANY OFFERING LIFE INSURANC IN PAKISTAN ) FOR TAKAFUL INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN Table of Contents 1. 0 LIFE INSURANCE/CONVENTIONAL LIFE INSURANCE 2 2. 0 ISLAMIC LIFE INSURANCE2 3. 0 WHY LIFE INSURANCE NECESSARY2 4. 0 COMPARISON BETWEEN COVENTIONAL LIFE INSURANNCE AND ISLAMIC LIFE INSURANCE 2 4. 1 HOW CONVETIONAL INSURANCE WORKS3 4. 2 DIFFERENTATION OF TAKAFUL FROM CONVENTIONAL INSURANCE 3 4. 3 PRONS AND CONS OF ISLAMIC INSURANCE3 4. 43 4. 4. 1 PRONS OF ISLAMIC INSURANC3 . 4. 2 CONS OF ISLAMIC INSURANCE 4 5. 0 LIFE INSURANCE IN PAKISTAN 4 5. 1 Takaful in Pakistan 4 6. 1 INSIGHT LOOK- A TAKAFUL COMPANY IN PAKISTAN-DAWOOD FAMILY TAKAFUL5 6. 2 OBJECTIVE OF DAWOOD FAMILY TAKAFUL5 6. 2 SHARIAH SUPERVISORY BOARD 5 6. 3 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF DAWOOD FAMILY TAKAFUL5 7. 0 CONCLUSION5 8. 0 REFERNCES5 1. 0 LIFE INSURANCE/CONVENTIONAL LIFE INS URANCE Life insurance is an undertake between the policy holder and the underwriter, where the insurance firm commitments to pay a selected beneficiary a quantity of money (the benefits) upon the death of the individual person. Looking on the contract, other effects such as period ill health or critical wellness may also trigger payment. In return, the policy bearer agrees to pay a specified amount (the premium) at every day intervals or in lump sums. In many countries, death outgoes such as observances are enclosed in the premium; even so, in the United States the predominated form only defines a lump sum to be paid off the insurer’s death (1). The valuable for the policy owner is the peace of mind in sapient to that the modification of the various persons will not issue in non financial adversity. Life insurance policy are lawful contract bridge and the price of the contract exposit the limits of the someone consequences. Specific exceptions are often written into the contract to end the financial obligation of the insurance firm; common examples are claims connecting putting to death, fake, state of war, rioting and civil commotion. In this era of modern finance too many financial products and services are offered by the banks, building societies and financial corporate and one of them is life insurance. New scenarios are developing with modern techniques of offerings for the potential customers. 2. 0ISLAMIC LIFE INSURANCE Takaful (Arabic: Al-Takaful) is an Islamic insurance concept which is grounded in Islamic muamalat (Islamic banking), observing the rules and regulations of Islamic law. This concept has been practised in various forms for over 1400 years. (2) A premier goal of Takaful system and its goods is to strike the right play with Muslim customers who may find formal products unacceptable and get them reluctantly. The takaful system of rules and product may be attractive to them. Ibn Abidin (1784-1836) was the basic learner in the Muslim world to talk about the message and lawful fictional character of insurance policy Islamicity of insurance has been below give-and-take since then. Popular opinion regarding lawfulness, approval, and adaptability of insurance are numerous. Newly, even so, a consensus was emergent for conforming insurance in the name of takaful and commonality. As a issue, several Islamic takaful and commonality companies have been accepted since 1979 The Islamic Insurance concept as known as Takaful (an Arabic word meaning â€Å"guaranteeing each otherâ€Å") is a shariah compliance mutual risk transfer arrangement which involves participants and operators. Shariah is based on the Qur’an and Assunah. Takaful as a concept that some extent is similar to conventional mutual risk sharing such as Mutual Insurance and Protection and Indemnity. It is a mutual sharing of risk based on the concept of Taawun (Mutual Protection). Takaful do not allow what is called Gharar (uncertainty or speculation) and Maisir (i. e gambling). In investment or fund management Riba (i. e usury) is also not allowed. These three Gharar, Maisir and Riba are the areas that must be totally avoided by the Takaful operation, and where it differs with the conventional insurance In order to avoid Gharar, there must be a complete clarity or full disclosuer of any Takaful contract. Full disclosure is aplicable on both sides, i. e on both the subject matter and terms of the contract (scope of cover, etc). Its not allowable in to enter into a takaful contract if there is any unknown element on the subject matter and/or unknown exposure to the extent of the contract itself. As this ideal situation is hardly exist, the Takaful contract then need to be made in a way that there is no exchange of Gharar from one party to another. Maisir (gambling) is regarded as the excessive side of the Gharar. Whilst the participants (insured) may have an insurable interest in the subject matter, if the risk transfer (risk sharing in Takaful) contains any speculative element, the it is prohibited under the Takaful. Riba (usury) is totally prohibited under the shariah law and under a Takaful arrangement. In order to avoid the Riba, Takaful treats participants’ contribution to the risk sharing scheme not as a premium in the way conventional insurance does. In Takaful terms it is treated as being a contribution (Mushahamah) in the from of donation with a condition of compensation (Tabarru). Furthermore, the pool of funds secured from those participants’ contributions or donations, must be managed and invested in accordance with the Shariah. In the same way that Gharar and Maisir represent a continous challenge for Takaful operators to ensure that pure Takaful arrangements are free of them, Riba free investment and fund management is also becoming a specialist discipline which requires more in depth elobaration. Whilst risk are nature of human life, it is impossible to eliminate this nature from human life. What is not allowed in Islam is not the risk or uncertainty itself (so it need to be eliminated)- but selling or exchange of risk or risk transfer to the third party using sales/exchange contract that is not allowable. On the other hand helping each other in any situation including in the event misfortune is highly encouraged in Islamic teaching as Allah mentioned in the Qur’an (Holy book of Muslims). 3. 0 WHY LIFE INSURANCE NECESSARY Life insurance is a kind of policy that look for to kind financial provisions to beneficiaries upon the death of a only provider. Even so, some people seek life insurance for a multiplicity of reasons. Most people will want to die with the notion that their family will be well taken care of economically. (3). It could be used for the settlement of debts and other bills, for the academic provisions of your children. Whatever the reason, the ultimate purpose is financial security upon death. 4. 0 COMPARISON BETWEEN COVENTIONAL LIFE INSURANNCE AND ISLAMIC LIFE INSURANCE The term life insurance is the almost basic of insurance policies. It is nothing more than an insurance policy that gives covering for accidental expiry and potentially debilitating harms for a specific period of time. If beneficiaries do not shuffle any claims during the term of much a policy, the policy will atypically expire no-account. Generally, term life insurance is low-budget to buy during the sooner years of life, when the danger of death is comparatively low. Prices rise in accordance of rights with increasing risks and progressive age (4). Comprehensive life insurance falls below a broader concept of policies sometimes have in mind to as cash-value, or permanent, insurance policy. These sorts of insurance policies combine death performances with a savings part or cash amount that is reinvested and levy shelved. The fund portion is collected throughout the living of the policy and can one time be cashed in at many future factor. Because these insurance policy are permanent, any advance ending of the bridge by the policy holder is open to penalties. During the early levels of life, a big part of the premium paid to this policy is path to the savings section. During the later levels of life, when the value of insurance is high, less of the premium is dedicated to the cash part and many to the purchase of policy. 4. 1 HOW CONVETIONAL INSURANCE WORKS For instance, if a 20-year-old adult purchases period insurance, his or her economic value might be $20 per month. With a world-wide policy, the same 20 year old strength pay $100 a month, with $20 of that going toward expiry insurance and the left over $80 going to the savings factor. When the person ranges age 45, term insurance strength cost $50 per period; even so, with universal insurance, the person intent still pay $100 a month, although a take down part of this would go into the savings element (5). 4. 2 DIFFERENTATION OF TAKAFUL FROM CONVENTIONAL INSURANCE There are five elements that must co-exist to establish a proper framework for a Takaful system as compared to conventional life insurance. 1. Sincerety of Intention - for knowingly following the guidance of, and adhering to the rule and purpose of, Takaful - co-operative risk sharing and mutual assistance. 2. Integration of Sharia principles - in particular, risk sharing under Ta’awuni principles, coincidence of ownership, participation in management by policyholders, avoidance of riba (an agreement in which the policyholder expects to receive a predetermined/ fixed amount that is greater than that invested), gambling (referred to as ‘qimar’ or ‘maisir’ in Arabic, which means any activity that involves an arrangement between two or more parties, each of whom undertakes the risk of a loss where a loss for one means a gain for the other), and al Gharar (activities that have elements of uncertainty, ambiguity or deception. In a commercial transaction, it refers to either the uncertainty of the goods or price of goods, or deceiving the buyer on the price of goods), and inclusion of the al Mudharabah (profitsharing arrangements) and/or al Wakalah (agents) principles for management practices (6). 3. Presence of moral value and ethics - whereby business is conducted openly in accordance with utmost good faith, honesty, full disclosure, truthfulness and fairness in all dealing. 4. No unlawful element - that contravenes Sharia and strict adherence to Islamic rules for commercial contract, namely: Parties have legal capacity and are mentally fit n Insurable interest n Principle of indemnity prevails Payment of premium is consideration (offer and acceptance) Mutual consent, which includes voluntary purifi cation Specific time period of policy and underlying agreement. 5. Appointment of a Sharia Advisory Council or Committee - to oversee the development and Islamic auditing of the Takaful operation and to make sure the investments are made in eligible areas that are allowed and approved by the Sharia board (7). . 3 PRONS AND CONS OF ISLAMIC INSURANCE A very common question which bear in mind of the people/potential customers is why Islamic Insurance is benefited as compared to the conventional insurance and what are the main prons and cons of the Islamic insurance as compared to the conventional insurance so lets have a very little crux of this differention:- 4. 4 4. 4. 1 PRONS OF ISLAMIC INSURANC It has become apparent that   Sharia compliant alternatives in the areas of banking and insurance are indeed attractive to consumers, end users, and financial intermediaries. The Middle East played key roles in the development of these services. The principles of Takaful are as follows: Policyholders co-operate among themselves for their common good. Every policyholder pays his subscription to help those that need assistance. Losses are divided and liabilities spread according to the community pooling system. Uncertainty is eliminated in respect of subscription and compensation. It does not derive advantage at the cost of others. Theoretically, Takaful is perceived as cooperative insurance, where members contribute a certain sum of money to a common pool. The purpose of this system is not profits but to uphold the principle of bear ye one another’s burden. Commercial insurance is strictly not allowed for Muslim as agreed upon by most contemporary scholars because it contains the following elements: i) Al-Gharar (Uncertainty) ii) Al-Maisir (Gambling) iii) Riba (Interest) 4. 4. 2 CONS OF ISLAMIC INSURANCE Even though the Takaful ( Islamic Insurance ) has been described as allowed (halal) for Muslims still Muslim finance scholars are not agreed to one convulsion due to the following reasons:- A . Risk Protection (insurance) is against Tawakkul total dependence upon Allah (swt)    No human actions change the Will of Allah (swt) for our destiny. Whether a person has insurance/Takaful or not has no effect on future events. However, we are instructed to take precautions and then fully trust and depend upon Almighty Allah (swt): in Hadith narrated by Anas bin Malik when an Arab Bedouin asked Prophet Muhmmad (PBUH), Shall I leave my camel untied and seek Allahs protection on it, or should I tie it? The Holy Prophet replied, Tie your camel and then depend upon Allah (swt). {as quoted by Sunan Al Tarmizi, 1981,} (8). B. All Risk Protection (insurance) is Haram-prohibited Fiqh Council of World Muslim League (1398/1978) resolution and Fiqh Council of Organization of Islamic Conference (1405/1985) in Jeddah resolved that, .. conventional insurance as presently practiced is Haram. And that, .. cooperative insurance (Takaful) is permissible and fully consistent with Shariah principles. Hence, conventional insurance is prohibited for Muslims because it contains elements of Riba, Al Maisir, and Al Gharar. By contrast, Takaful provides risk protection in accordance with Sharia using principles of Taawun (mutual assistance), brotherhood, piety and ethical operations (9). C. All Insurance is a form of Gambling of Wagering, which is forbidden in Islam   Risk or uncertainty can be divided into: Pure Risk and Speculative Risk. Pure Risk involves the possibility of Loss or No Loss. For example, damage to property due to fire. Pure Risks are the subject of insurance risk protection and Takaful. On the other hand, Speculative Risks involves the possibility of Loss, No Loss or Gain. For example, venturing into a new business, or gambling on horse race. Speculative Risks that include a potential gain or profit cannot be insured. Takaful schemes use the principle of indemnification to compensate for the loss that occurs to a Takaful Participant. Takaful insures only Pure Risks and claims pay in the event of Loss to cover repairs, damage, replacement of property, or an agreed fixed sum. In Takaful Taawuni (assurance), the compensation equals each participants accumulated savings plus investment profit added to a sum covered taken from the Takaful general pool. D. All Insurance seeks to maximize profits which takes benefits away from policyholders    Most conventional insurance companies are stock companies that seek to maximize profits. Since the interests of shareholders conflicts with policyholders, by raising prices, denying claims, etc. these insurers can boost profits for shareholders. Takaful operators, by contrast, are mutual or cooperative entities. The goal of Takaful is community well-being and self-sustaining operations not high profits. Under the Takaful Mudarabah Model, surplus (or profits) is shared fairly between shareholders and policyholders. Under the Takaful Wakalah Model, surplus is owned by the policyholders and may be reduced by a performance fee incentive for the operator before distribution to the policyholders. 5. 0 LIFE INSURANCE IN PAKISTAN Pakistan is in the operation of remould its economy to meet the inquires of a international sales outlet. The government has inserted a range of efforts designed to support and consolidate Pakistan’s point as an emergent market in the region. The modifications have issued in a deregulated and modified financial sector sales outlet. Pakistans life insurance body, nationalised in 1972, operated under the aegis of the State Life Insurance Corp. and Communicating Life Insurance until 1992, when the governing opened it to private sector involvement. International companies are no individual barred from the life policy business, but they are classified to minority relation. Private companies purpose in nonlife insurance regions, but the governing insurance business is contained by the International Insurance Corp. One of the states first track was to standardise and bring down insurance premium rates and to encourage insurance coverage among a wider section of the population. In 2001, there was US$$168 million of life insurance in writing Pakistan. Although storage of rates is no someone required, there are, even so, separate environment in the Ordinance on Marketplace Behavior Intermediaries which lay behind the works/responsibilities of Direct Insurance policy Companies and of Negotiant. The changes in the regulative environment in Pakistan are in form with those in the International classes. Compliance with regulations is becoming exceedingly important. 5. 1 Takaful in Pakistan The takaful market is silent in a formative level and market projections figuring growing rates between 15% and 20% all over the next 10 years, reaching US$7. 4 billion in economic value by 2015. With demands around customer divine service and productiveness, technology can modify this growing industry through its shaping level. Pakistan is among the best 10 most populous states in the world. This kinds t a very conceptive marketplace for Takaful, one with few interesting inquires. Takaful is the modish â€Å"movement† in business security. Pakistan saw its basic Takaful function, in the Generic part, start in 2006. India, a much larger neighbour, has an insurance penetration of 4. 8%, against Pakistan’s 0. 8%, and its policy density is US$38. 40, against Pakistan’s US$5. 90. These values sort it very clear that there exists a significant space in Pakistan for business securit y tools. As we know, achieving hopefuls is not as simple as formulating them. As a sample Islamic Insuranc Company, Dawood Takaful Family has been chosen for analysis. 6. 1 INSIGHT LOOK- A TAKAFUL COMPANY IN PAKISTAN-DAWOOD FAMILY TAKAFUL Dawood Family Takaful Limited is a member company of the renowned First Dawood Group (FDG) of Companies, Pakistan. FDG belongs to the famous Dawood Family of Bantwa, Gujrat, India, which has remained instrumental in the economic development of Pakistan ever since its independence. Dawood Family Takaful Limited is amongst the pioneers in the field of Family Takaful business in Pakistan. Family Takaful (or Islamic Life Insurance) is a relatively new phenomenon in Pakistan which is regulated by Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan. The Company has a vision to be the preferred provider of Islamic financial protection services in Pakistan. 6. 2 OBJECTIVE OF DAWOOD FAMILY TAKAFUL The Dawood Family Takaful is playing a vital role in Islamic Insurance in Pakistan. They describes their objectives as:- â€Å"We aim to provide these services based on Islamic values. We strive to help our valued customers/partners by establishing savings and protection funds with a view to provide comfort for their loved ones. The pro-active measures ensure them security and certainty as it provides monetary relief in the event of misfortune, and creates the habit of saving amongst our customers/partners. This, we believe, underlines the importance of our mission. † As a member of First Dawood Group of Companies, Dawood Family Takaful Limited is strongly capitalized with paid-up capital of PKR 750 million to ensure our ability to meet the promises to our customers timely, and to offer assurance of reliability to our business partners. Under the leadership of a highly respectable competent and experienced management team, the Company is set to pursue its mission vigorously, both domestically and in the international Islamic market as opportunities arise. â€Å"In view to remain competitive, we will continue to introduce innovative and market based customer-centric Family Takaful products that would feature distinctly from other protection plans available in the market. We aim to be the leader in setting new service standards notably in the area of claims management, as well as building long-term customer/ partner loyalty. â€Å" 6. 2 SHARIAH SUPERVISORY BOARD This is the most integral department of any Takaful Company as it is responsible for giving approval for the launch of any new product, scheme or structuring/participating in any transaction in terms of it being in the scope and parameters of Islamic Principles. The Shariah Advisors consist of eminent Islamic economic and financial scholars. The Shariah Advisors will advise the management company on matters relating to Shariah Compliance and recommend general investment guidelines, consistent with the Shariah. Any verdict issued by the Shariah Advisors in relation to any Shariah related matter would be final and acceptable by the Trustee, the management company and other parties related with the matter. 6. 3 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF DAWOOD FAMILY TAKAFUL Annual Report 2010 Fund Performance Reports April 30, March 31, and February 2011 are attached as are attached as Appendices. The Dawood Family Takafuls accounts shows its performance abourt groth individial Takaful 4 times increase (Rs 197,035,755 for the year 2010 and Rs 44,416,618 for the year 2009) as annulized contribution and growth in Group Takaful 3 times ( Rs 34,568,663 for the year 2010 and Rs 31,488,391 for the year 2009). The ocmpany earned Gross Income of Rs 232 million in the year 2010 which was 3 times higher than regular earned in 2009, which was Rs 6 million which expresses the contribution of Dawood Takaful Family for selling and marketing of Islamic insurance secor of Pakistan. The compay has weighted average of no of shares 57,000,000. The Profit and Loss Statement for the ended year 31stDec, 2010 shwos that the company is in loss after tax with the amount of Rs 65,561,188. Even though the company is playing vital role with its utmost maximum contribution to support islamic insurance as a financial product in Pakistan. The detailed reports are attached as Appendices 7. 0 CONCLUSION From the above discussion and analysis it is evident that Islamic Insurance ( Takaful ) is playig its prominent role at par with the conventional life insurance. From its name it is apparent that it is deemed to be for non muslims but in fact it is only a talilored fincncial product for the targeted segment of muslim customers whereas facts are there that non muslims are also practically buying this product due to its financial coparison with the conventional life insurance. Criticism is still three in Muslim world where muslims are reluctant to accept it as a perfectly Halal ( non-prohibited ) product but if the muslims have already accepted the conventioanl banking so it is not a big issue infact. The one thing is encouraging that its develpment pace is very slow but with the laps of time it is getting in popularity all over the world and UK where Principle Insurance Company was regulated by the Financial Services Authority in 2008. 8. 0 REFERNCES 1ME Waari, (1965), uncertain life time, life insurance , and the theory of the consumer,JSTOR (P39-40). 2LA Crosby, (1987), effects of relationship marketing on satisfation, retention, and pricies in the life insurance (P231). 3HU gerber, (1997) life insurance mathematics 3rd , Springer verlag(P52). REJDA George E, ( 2002), priciple of riskmanagement and insurance 8th edition(P79). 5Black, Kenneth, (200), life and health insurance(P89) 6 M Kabir Hassan and Muvyn K lewis, (2007), hanc book of islamic banking Edward Elgary publishing limited UK(P218). 7Simon archer, Rifaat Ahmad Adbel Karim,(2009) takaful islamic insurance : Concepts and regulatory issues W H Smith(P39) 8ALY Khorshid, (2004), islamic insurance :a mordern approch to isl amic banking W H Smith(P147). 9Mahmound A,(2006) islamic finnance : law economic and parctice Cambridge university press(P89).

15 Hilarious Pranks to Pull on College Friends

15 Hilarious Pranks to Pull on College Friends Oh Lord, there are so many hilarious pranks to pull on college friends. Listen, if you’re looking for prank ideas and don’t want to get sucked into hours of prank videos, this article is for you. Here are 15 that you can always count on, as long as they go off without a hitch and are executed safely. #1 Tape the Contents of Their Trash to Their Door Make a statement. You can find out a fair amount about a person by exposing their trash. Go into their room, especially if they’re super-messy and tape everything (within reason of course) that’s trash onto their door and let them know it’s time to clean up! #2 Fill Their Dorm Room with Popcorn This is a cheap and easy trick. Making it goes really quick and you can easily fill an entire dorm room with only about 8 or 9 bags which cost maybe $2 each. Transporting it is easy as well†¦.industrial-sized trash bags. The trick is that ideally you should be able to leave the room through the window so you can make the popcorn 5 feet tall (or more)! #3 Put a Dead Thing in Their Cereal No, not a real dead thing, but a realistic looking one. It’s not over-the-top but it works (especially on girls) you could either big a furry spider in there of substantial size, a small snake, or perhaps even a rate. #4 Change Their Computer Log-In Sounds This is truly legendary. If you can get their log in information, or get into the computer while they’re away change the log-in sound to something crazy. Anything from a full-on gun fight to a ground shaking explosion with screams of terror. Then, turn their sound system up super-loud (not so loud you blow speakers) so that the next time they expect to hear some pleasant sound suddenly they’re under siege and could potential crap themselves. #5 The Almighty Soda Bomb Mentos are pretty old. But, what you do is put a tiny hole through one, latch it onto a string and then drop it into a big bottle of soda and close the cap tightly. Simply put it back in the fridge and wait. The next person who opens that will be bombarded with fizz and syrup unlike anything they’ve ever experienced before. #6 Butter Tiles Again, cheap and easy but effective. If you have any tiles, butter them up and then wait because regardless of what kind cleats someone may be wearing they’re going to end up on their butt. Really good for roommates or college friends with hard wood floors. # 7 Completely Cover them in Flour While they Sleep Don’t pour it on so they wake up. No, instead grab like 10 bags of flour (that’s a pretty hefty clean up job remember) and slowly stealth fully cover your college buddy while they sleep. Flour is actually quite comfortable. #8 Early Alarm + Flattened Tires They’re the type of person that jet’s out of bed last minute, scrambles onto their bikes and heads off to class. Okay, so set the alarm an hour ahead of schedule (and any other clocks in the room along with it) and then flatten the tires so they think they’re going to be late. #9 Put a Fake Person In their Bed Get a realistic looking mannequin and sneak them into bed next to someone. Making the mannequin’s face scary is a bonus. They could wake up in the night screaming, or they could wake up in the morning to an unexpected stranger. Hilarious. #10 Opposite Side Switch This one doesn’t make a mess, it’s free and it’s funny. While they’re away at class sneak into their room and switch everything to the opposite side so it’s a perfect match. Then, when they bring it to your attention, seriously act as if they’re nuts and it’s been that way the whole time. If you can hold your composure it will play an epic mind prank on them. #11 Early Morning Shower Prank Simply sneak into the dorm shower while they’re getting ready for another day of collegiate labor and steal their towel and clothes so they will have no other option but to grab the shower curtain. However, this may not occur to them for some time. #12-   Shaving Cream Floor Cover the floor, completely, in fragrant shaving cream. Super cheap, and not as hard to clean up. #13 Wrapping Paper Room Grab some festive wrapping paper and thoroughly set about wrapping their entire room in it. Even if it takes 10 rolls, that’s probably only $20 to do a full single dorm room. #14 Pubic Hair + Superglue Seriously, if they have a problem cleaning up their pubes, then (with gloves on) grab a bunch of the stuff and super clue it to something that’s valuable enough to them that they’ll get the point. #15 Wake Up in Unexpected Places If they’re a heavy sleeper or utterly passed out, have them wake up in a strange place. This is so awesome when pulled off correctly. We had to boil it down to these because there are hundreds of pranks out there. But, with a little creativity you could come up with just about anything. Check out even more cruel but funny roommate pranks! How about it gang, what kinds of pranks have you played on college friends that they’ll never forget?

Directly and completely answer the following questions. Include Essay

Directly and completely answer the following questions. Include specific examples from the story in your answer, and if you use secondary sources, be sure to include the correct documentation - Essay Example It forces him to value and prize personal closeness of life at home and the willingness of enduring hardship because of his beliefs. Even though he is afraid, the narrator makes a decision of going back home so that he can reclaim his identity, an identity he lost at the time he left his home. In his attitude towards civilization, it is apparent that the narrator is rejecting the white dominated civilization. It is entirely because of the personal, unhurried, aesthetic, and the passive values of his home, in combination with the profound sense of identification with the home environment as a physical place. It is clear that the narrator feels he does not fit the white society since he is a Native American. It is through this discontent with the present environment combined with his present place in society that creates the conflict of his attitudes. In the story, the major antagonist is the set of values created by the white culture, while another antagonist may include a cold weather and the sadistic threat of Denver Bob. The statement means that the narrator is alone, but not so lonely as compared to when he was back at school. Even though he might still be lonely, he is not as lonely as compared to the time he was at school. The quote comes at a time when the narrator was nearing the end of his journey (Tarver et al. 57). As he is walking along the train tracks that are leading him back home, he recognizes how lonely he was. The loneliness bases on the sense of being separated from the beliefs, the people, and the attitudes of his Indian upbringing while he was at school. Now that he is walking by himself, alone, but he is no longer lonely. In this essence, the author has no physical companion, but the world of animals and plants help keep him company as he is finishing his return home. Blue winds refer to the society